Its first section, the Inferno, begins, "Nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita" ("Midway upon the journey of our life"), implying that Dante was around 35 years old, since the average lifespan according to the Bible (Psalm 89:10, Vulgate) is 70 years and since his imaginary travel to the netherworld took place in 1300, he was most probably born around 1265. This can be deduced from autobiographic allusions in the Divine Comedy. The exact date of his birth is unknown, although it is generally believed to be around 1265. This oldest picture of Dante was painted just prior to his exile and has since been extensively restored.ĭante was born in Florence, Republic of Florence, in what is now Italy. Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio are also called the tre corone ("three crowns") of Italian literature.ĭante Alighieri, attributed to Giotto, in the chapel of the Bargello palace in Florence. He is described as the "father" of the Italian language, and in Italy he is often referred to as il Sommo Poeta ("the Supreme Poet"). In addition, the first use of the interlocking three-line rhyme scheme, or the terza rima, is attributed to him. He influenced English writers such as Geoffrey Chaucer, John Milton, and Alfred Tennyson, among many others. His depictions of Hell, Purgatory and Heaven provided inspiration for the larger body of Western art and literature. His work set a precedent that important Italian writers such as Petrarch and Boccaccio would later follow.ĭante was instrumental in establishing the literature of Italy, and is considered to be among the country's national poets and the Western world's greatest literary icons. By writing his poem in the Italian vernacular rather than in Latin, Dante influenced the course of literary development, making Italian the literary language in western Europe for several centuries. His use of the Florentine dialect for works such as The New Life (1295) and Divine Comedy helped establish the modern-day standardized Italian language.
His De vulgari eloquentia ( On Eloquence in the Vernacular) was one of the first scholarly defenses of the vernacular. ĭante is known for establishing the use of the vernacular in literature at a time when most poetry was written in Latin, which was accessible only to educated readers. His Divine Comedy, originally called Comedìa (modern Italian: Commedia) and later christened Divina by Giovanni Boccaccio, is widely considered one of the most important poems of the Middle Ages and the greatest literary work in the Italian language. 1265 – 14 September 1321), most likely baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and often referred to as Dante ( English: / ˈ d ɑː n t eɪ, ˈ d æ n t eɪ, ˈ d æ n t i/, US: / ˈ d ɑː n t i/ ), was an Italian poet, writer and philosopher.
Statesman, poet, language theorist, political theoristĭante Alighieri ( Italian: c.
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